The Electoral College

 In most countries including Poland, the system used to determine the winner of elections is simple. All votes are counted to a total, and if a candidate has more than 50% of them they instantly win. If not, a second round is conducted. In the United States, on the other hand, the system looks much different than what we're familiar with. The POTUS is elected by the Electoral College, which is formed by 538 electors These are people chosen by each state, to elect the president and vice-president of the US. The number 538 is not random - it is equal to all the voting membership of the United States Congress. The number of electors is different for each state, depending on the number of people living there, and it fluctuates every 10 years thanks to corrections made due to population changes, but it always totals 538. If a candidate gets the majority of the citizen's votes from a single state, they get all of the electoral votes, while the counter candidates get none. The nominee with more than half of the total electoral votes from all states (270) becomes the President. This means a candidate can win the popular vote and still lose due to having fewer electoral votes like in the 2016 election. The electoral votes are the reason candidates fight for winning in undecided states, called swing states, (eg. Florida, Pennsylvania) and ignore the safe states.

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